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| Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario de Manaoag |
Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario de Manaoag (English: Our Lady of the
Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag) or popularly known as Our Lady of Manaoag is a
Filipino Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated in Manaoag,
Pangasinan, the Philippines.
The title's associated image, which dates from the 16th century and is
supposedly miraculous is enshrined inside the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of the
Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag. In Pangasiense, she called as "Apo Baket", a name of reverence as an act of respect to an elder woman. The shrine is a major pilgrimage site in the
country, and is administered by the Dominican Order within the Archdiocese of
Lingayen-Dagupan.
Our Lady of Manaoag, who is invoked as patroness of the sick, the helpless
and the needy, is celebrated on two feast days: the third Wednesday after
Easter (Patronal Feast), and the first Sunday of October (as Our Lady of the
Most Holy Rosary).
Features of the image
The statue of Our Lady of Manaoag is a 17th-century ivory image of the
Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus enshrined at the high altar of the Basilica.
It was brought to the Philippines from Spain via the Manila galleon from Acapulco,
Viceroyalty of New Mexico, in the early 17th century by Padre Juan de San
Jacinto OP.
The image is a de tallado statue with a huge base so that the image can be
vested with fine clothing and this is still being practiced for centuries. One
of the most important accessory of the image is the lunette in both the foreheads
of the Mother and Child to give its signature look. The image of Our Lady of
Manaoag is fully secured within a bulletproof glass enclosure above the new
high altar, which has additional wood carvings, an elevated pedestal, and four golden
candelabras.
The image of Our Lady of Manaoag and her bejewelled crown are considered priceless.
Several of her golden crowns and haloes are deposited at the shrine's museum,
donated by both local and foreign devotees. An expensive collection of
liturgical vestments that have been used by the image and the Dominican priests
are also on display, as are an array of perfumes used to anoint the image.
These are ex-votos given by devotees and pilgrims from around the world. Some
of these can now be seen in the Manaoag Museum.
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| The Apparition of Our Lady of Manaoag |
The Apparition
Documents dating back to 1610 attest that a middle-aged farmer walking home
heard a mysterious female voice. He looked around and saw on a cloud-veiled
treetop an apparition of the Virgin Mary, holding a rosary in her right hand
and the Child Jesus in her left arm, all amidst a heavenly glow. Mary told the
farmer where she wanted her church to be built, and a chapel was built on the
hilltop site of the apparition, forming the nucleus of the present town. This
venerable tradition holds how the town of Manaoag got its name derived from the
Pangasinense verb mantaoag, which means "to call" (from the root
taoag, "call").
History
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| An old print of the Virgin of Manaoag |
The Augustinians built the first Chapel of Santa Monica (the original name
of Manaoag) in 1600, at the site of the present graveyard. It was served by the
friars from the town of Lingayen, who were succeeded by the Dominicans in 1605
and served from the town of Mangaldan..
The first Dominican priest to work in the Manaoag mission was Juan de San
Jacinto, O.P., who was the first curate of Mangaldan. It was only in 1608 that
the Mangaldan mission was formally accepted by the provincial chapter of the
Dominicans. In 1610, Tomás Jiménez, O.P. became the Manaoag mission's first
resident priest.
Numerous threats from the Igorot tribes of the surrounding mountains led to
the transfer of the entire community to the present site on a hill. The
Dominicans started to build a large church on its present site in 1701 under
the sponsorship of Gaspar de Gamboa and his wife, Agata Yangta, who were
wealthy residents from Manila who moved to Lingayen. Later expansion of the
church from 1882 was frustrated by an earthquake in 1892.
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| An estampa of Our Lady of Manaoag |
During the tumult of the Philippine Revolution for independence from Spain,
revolutionaries set fire to church, its treasures, ornaments, and records on 10
May 1898. The image narrowly escaped destruction; it was found abandoned at the
back of the church. It was spirited away to Dagupan City, where it was kept
from June to October 1898.
The Dominicans returned in 1901 upon the invitation of Rev. Mariano Pacis,
the diocesan priest of Manaoag. Under the aegis of the Dominicans, the church
that was started in 1882 was finally completed to a large extent in 1911-12.
The central retablo, incorporating Baroque columns from the 18th-century altar,
was completed by the famed Tampinco Atelier of Manila. The transepts were
completed in 1931-32.
The Dominicans ceded all their Pangasinan missions to the diocesan clergy
except Manaoag. Spiritual administration of the shrine in perpetuity was
granted by the Holy See to the Order of Preachers in 1925.
Miracles
Some of the earliest miracles attributed to Our Lady of Manaoag, including
the original apparition, are depicted in the murals in the church.
In the early days of the Spanish era, animist mountain tribes burnt down
newly-Christianised villages. The town of Manaoag was among the settlements
that were burnt by the raiders, sending the locals fleeing to the thatch-roofed
church. The pillagers's leader climbed over the church compound's crude fence
and shot flaming arrows at all parts of the church, but the building
miraculously did not catch fire.
During the Second World War, enemy Japanese forces dropped several bombs
within the church's vicinity. The structure was only moderately damaged. Four
bombs were released above the church, with three landing on the plaza and the
façade, destroying both. The last bomb fell into the sanctuary, but
miraculously did not explode.
A mother went to Our Lady shrine with her dead child and asked the Virgin
to bring her child back to life, then all of a sudden, the child came back to
life and later serve to the Virgin’s shrine as an act of thanksgiving.
Canonical Coronation
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| The Canonical Coronation of Our Lady of Manaoag |
A huge crowd attended the canonical coronation of the image on April 21, 1926 by then-Apostolic Nuncio to the Philippines Guglielmo Piani, S.D.B., as
authorised by Pope Pius XI. This meant that the Catholic Church officially
recognised and proclaimed that The Virgin Mary acclaimed as Our Lady of The
Rosary of Manaoag had granted favors and blessings to or formidable
intercessions for her devotees through the centuries.
The Shrine - Basilica
The Minor Basilica of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag, located
on top of a hill in the town, has been canonically affiliated with the Papal
Basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome since June 2011. The parish encompassing
Manaoag and the surrounding towns is administered by the Order of Preachers
under the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lingayen-Dagupan.
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| Manaoag Basilica |
Some of the miracles attributed to Our Lady of Manaoag are depicted in
murals inside the church's transepts and nave. Behind the church are the Parish Office,
Museum of Our Lady of The Rosary of Manaoag, Candle Gallery, Pilgrims’ Center
and Rosary Garden. There is also an Information Center at the Priory at the
left side of the church and souvenir shops at the front office of the church,
beside the Veneration Room at the second floor behind the main sanctuary, and
at the Candle Gallery in the space behind of the church.
The old convento is now the Our Lady of Manaoag College, founded as Holy
Rosary Academy in 1946 by the last Spanish Dominican in Manaoag, Rev. Teodulo
Cajigal, OP. Since 8 December 1972, the Shrine of Our Lady of the Rosary of
Manaoag has been under the Philippine Dominican Province. It celebrated the
Diamond Jubilee of the image's canonical coronation on 1 January 2000.
Canonical affiliation with Saint Mary Major
On 21 June 2011, Cardinal Bernard Francis Law, Archpriest of the Papal
Basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome and Pope Benedict XVI canonically approved
the granting of a "Special Bond of Spiritual Affinity in Perpetuity"
through which the pilgrims are assured of the same blessings and entitlement to
a plenary indulgence equal to that received when visiting a papal basilica in
Rome. This was confirmed by the prelate (now Archbishop) of the
Lingayen-Dagupan, Socrates B. Villegas, in a circular dated June 13, 2011.[4]
The Manaoag Shrine is the first to achieve this status followed by the Shrine
of Our Lady of Caysasay in Taal, Batangas in June 2012.
The official document and a shrine official, who was among the priests who
went to Rome, confirmed that the plenary indulgence may be obtained on each
visit to the shrine subject to three conditions for each occasion: going to
confession immediately before or after the pilgrimage; receiving the Eucharist
during the pilgrimage; and praying for the intentions of the Pope; each done in
a spirit of detachment from the attraction of sin.
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| An old estampita of Our Lady of Manaoag |
Elevation to basilica
On 22 July 2011, the Shrine of Our Lady of The Rosary of Manaoag was
elevated to a minor basilica in a ceremony attended by more than 100 archbishops
and bishops, leaders of church and state, and numerous devotees. The Shrine was
henceforth called the Basilica of Our Lady of The Rosary of Manaoag, headed by
a rector appointed by the Archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan.[5] A special Mass was
also held to affirm the "Special Bond of Spiritual Affinity in
Perpetuity" between the Manaoag Shrine and the Papal Basilica of Saint
Mary Major in Rome.
Feasts
The primary feast of Our Lady of Manaoag is on the third Wednesday of
Easter. The peaks of the pilgrimages are during the Lenten and Easter seasons,
the month of May, and the month of October – the month of The Holy Rosary -
where the universal feast day of Our Lady of The Holy Rosary is celebrated
every first Sunday of October. There are processions after the afternoon Mass
on these occasions.
Veneration and Fervent devotion
The archdiocese, in line with the Filipino custom of venerated an image by
touching its body or clothing, constructed a staircase that rises to Veneration
Room on the second floor behind the apse. The room has pews in front of the
alcove behind the image's shrine. Supplicants kneel before the glass small
window behind the image's base to pray and touch the hem of the image's mantle,
often dropping written prayers into a nearby box.
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| Procession of the Original image of Our Lady of Manaoag |
Thousands converge on Saturdays and Sundays to pray for their intentions,
hear Mass, pray the rosary, offer flowers, light candles, buy religious
articles, have religious articles or vehicles blessed, get holy water, and join
in the daily and seasonal activities. The blessing of religious articles and
vehicles is performed at the back of the church grounds after every Mass, while
holy water is also dispensed there for free to those with containers.
The short dawn procession and rosary every first Saturday before the 5 a.m.
Mass is well-attended by regular pilgrims mostly from Metro Manila and from Ilocos,
Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon. These first Saturday rites are pursuant to the
Communion of Reparation on the First Saturdays requested by the Virgin Mary in
her third apparition at Fátima on 13 July 1917 for the preservation of world
peace. Today thousands continue to flock her shrine to heed her call to her
children to give glory to his Son who Redeemed the world.
Sources
Barcelona, Mary Anne. Edited by Consuelo B. Estepa, Ph.D. (2004).
"Ynang Maria: A Celebration of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the
Philippines". Anvil Publishing, Inc, Pasig City.
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Our-Lady-of-Manaoag/120437460753?sk=info
"Our Lady's Welcome". Shrine of Our Lady of The Rosary of
Manaoag. Retrieved on 2014-01-03.
"History". Shrine of Our Lady of The Rosary of Manaoag Official
Website. Retrieved on 2014-01-05.
"CBCP: Vatican approves indulgences for Manaoag visitors". GMA
News Network. Retrieved on 2014-01-05.
"Manaoag Shrine elevated to Basilica". Shrine of Our Lady of The
Rosary of Manaoag official Website. Retrieved on 2014-01-03.
"Pinoys in Guam join dedication rites of Our Lady of Manaoag
statue". GMA News Online. Retrieved on 2014-01-05.
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